考保研面试问题合集（附参考答案）

目录

一、基本素质篇
二、科研竞赛篇
三、英语口语篇

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一、基本素质篇

1. 夏令营/预推免还投递了哪些学校？

回答策略：
策略1：只报了一所学校 >> 期末考试的原因 >> 强调该校是自己的梦校
策略2：报名了多所学校，但层次上远不如该校 >> 强调该校是自己的梦校 >> 在认真准备面试

回答模板：
模板1：感谢老师的提问，我在夏令营期间仅报名了贵校一所学校，原因是夏令营与期末考试的时间高度重合，我全身心投入到期末考试当中，没有时间和精力去投递其他学校，贵校一直是我的理想院校，因此没有再投递其他学校。

模板2：感谢老师的提问，我在夏令营期间投递了【暨南大学、上海大学】等院校（写层次远不如该校的学校），主要是担心自身实力不足无法获得贵校的面试资格，贵校一直是我的理想院校，因此特别感谢贵校能够给我这次面试的机会，在收到面试通知之后，我不再投递其他学校，全身心投入到面试的准备之中，希望最后能来贵校继续深造。

2. 为什么选择我们学校？

回答策略： 高考的遗憾 >> 学校的实力 >> 对研究方向的热爱

回答模板：
感谢老师的提问，选择贵校，是我最坚定的选择，主要原因有以下3点：
首先，贵校是我高中时代最向往的学校，也是我当时前进的动力源泉，然后我在高考中发挥失常，错失了来贵校学习的机会，因此在本科入学之初，我便下定决心研究生一定要来贵校深造；
其次，贵校是985/211高校，学科实力强劲，拥有一流的师资力量，对研究生的培养体系完善，注重综合素质的培养，是我心目中最理想的院校；
最后，我提前了解了咱们专业老师的研究方向，我非常感兴趣，希望能够在研究生阶段从事这些方向的研究。
综上，我会坚定的选择贵校。

3. 为什么选择这个专业？

回答策略： 对专业感兴趣 + 有一定专业基础 + 专业未来的前景

回答模板（以物流管理为例）：
感谢老师的提问，我选择物流管理专业，有以下3点原因：
第一，兴趣是我选择物流管理专业最重要的原因。通过本科三年的专业学习，我对物流管理专业具有浓厚的兴趣，尤其是区块链、人工智能等与物流的结合方面。物流是电子商务的核心环节，还有很多问题有待探究，我希望研究生期间能够继续研究物流相关的问题；
第二，本科三年的知识积累使我已经具备了物流管理专业的基础，这些知识储备能够让我在研究生阶段快速进入状态，更快的从本科生转变为研究人员；
第三，物流管理专业的前景较好，物流管理虽然从业者众多，但是缺乏高端的研究型人才，随着电子商务的持续发展，对高端人才的缺口也将越来越大，因此我认为未来从事物流管理行业具有较好的发展前景。
综上，无论是从兴趣、基础还是前景方面，我都会选择物流管理专业。

4. 为什么选择读研究生（或为什么不去就业/出国）？

回答策略： 兴趣 → 他人影响 → 职业规划

回答模板：
我之所以选择继续攻读研究生，主要有以下3点原因：
第一，通过本科期间的学习，我对XX专业具备了浓厚的研究兴趣，尤其是XX方向，我希望能在未来进一步的学习和探讨XX方向；
第二，本科期间我担任我导师的科研助手，导师在分析问题时的深刻性、解决问题的针对性以及面对难题的心态都令我印象深刻，我非常认同长期的科研训练能够让人拥有缜密的思维逻辑和强大的心理状态，因此我希望能够在研究生期间接受一定的科研训练；
第三，我的未来职业规划是成为一名高校教师，从事科研和教学工作，为此我需要在本科的基础上继续攻读硕士和博士学位，以培养和锻炼自己的科研能力，争取成为一名合格的高校教师。

5. 未来的职业规划是什么？

回答策略：
策略一：高校教师 ⇒ 原因 ⇒ 现阶段规划 ⇒ 长期规划
策略二：企业就业 ⇒ 原因 ⇒ 现阶段规划 ⇒ 长期规划

回答模板：
（教师版本）感谢老师的提问。我未来的职业规划是成为一名高校教师。教师一直是我所崇尚的职业，指引学生在迷雾中前行，就像曾经我的老师指引我一样。为了成为一名合格的高校教师，我制定现阶段规划和长期规划：
现阶段我的规划是顺利拿到本校的保研资格然后希望能够进入贵校攻读硕士研究生，并在研究生期间刻苦训练，争取多出科研成果，为后续申请博士奠定基础。
长期我的规划是在博士期间顺利毕业，找到满意的高校教师的工作，并在岗期间不断提升自身的教学能力和科研能力，在保证按质按量完成教学任务的前提下，在自己喜欢的研究方向里继续深入探索。

（就业版本）感谢老师的提问。我的未来职业规划是成为一名企业的工作者。企业经营管理与我的专业息息相关，我希望能够利用自己的所学为企业的长效经营贡献一份力量。为了成为一名合格的企业工作者，我制定现阶段规划和长期规划：
现阶段我的规划是顺利拿到本校的保研资格然后希望能够进入贵校攻读硕士研究生，在研究生期间，我将在完成学习和科研任务的基础上，尽可能的参与企业实践活动，将知识与实践相结合，争取能够在毕业的时候进入到理想的企业中工作。
长期我的规划是在自己的就业岗位上深入钻研，形成工作的方法论，并在实践中逐步培养自己的管理和协调能力，逐渐往企业管理者的方向发展。

6. 研究生规划是什么？

回答策略： 按照时间线回答

回答模板：
模板1（专硕）：如果能够有幸进入贵校攻读专业型硕士学位，我的研究生规划主要有以下3点：
在研究生一年级，我将按质按量完成课程学习和导师的科研任务，并积极阅读国内外文献，参加学术会议和研讨，主动向导师和师门同学汇报学习进度和分享学习心得，为后续的论文写作积累知识。
在研究生二年级，在完成课程学习的基础上，我将开始构思研究生毕业论文，在导师的指导下确定研究生选题，并展开文献收集与分析等工作。在时间允许的情况下，我将前往企业进行实习，为后续的就业积累经验。
在研究生三年级，我将集中时间和精力完成毕业论文的后续工作，并在每天利用固定的时间进行简历投递和面试，争取在毕业的时候获得满意的工作。

模版2（学硕）：如果能够有幸进入贵校攻读专业型硕士学位，我的研究生规划主要有以下4点：
在保研后的大学四年级，我将提前联系好研究生导师，并与本科论文导师协调，将毕业论文的选题与研究生导师课题方向相结合，并全身心投入到毕业论文写作中，期望完成一篇质量较高的毕业论文并获得校级或院级优秀毕业论文；
在研究生一年级，我将迅速进入研究生状态，坚持阅读国内外文献并定期与导师和师门同学交流和学习，在本科毕业论文的基础上，开始尝试小论文的撰写与发表，期望在研究生一年级完成至少2篇论文的撰写和投稿；
在研究生二年级，在研究领域继续深耕，在导师的指导下开始尝试冲击更高层次的期刊论文，至少完成2篇高质量论文的撰写和投稿，并对研究生一年级投稿的论文进行修改和定稿；
在研究生三年级，我将开始着手准备研究生毕业论文，在发表的小论文的基础上，按照学校的要求完成开题报告、中期检查和毕业论文答辩等一系列工作。此外，我还将在此阶段进行博士的申请，期望能够继续攻读博士学位。

7. 本科对你影响最大的老师是谁？为什么？

回答策略：
策略一：科研/竞赛导师 + 为什么认识 + 影响你的事情
策略二：课程导师 + 为什么认识 + 影响你的事情

回答模板：
模板1：本科期间对我影响最大的老师是我的科研导师XXX副教授（职称），我自从20XX年开始担任X老师的科研助理，参与到老师的国家自然科学基金课题研究中，在老师的悉心指导下，把我从科研小白带入学术殿堂的大门，使得我具备了基础的科研素养。我对X老师印象最深的是其一丝不苟的科研态度，在课题和论文的写作过程中，老师会逐字逐句斟酌，甚至有时候会为了某个词的措辞而去广泛查阅资料并询问更资深的老师，这让我意识到科研的严谨性，也逐渐培养了我的科研观念。

模板2：本科期间对我影响最大的老师我是XX课程的任课教师XX老师，XX老师在上课期间认真负责，逻辑清晰，擅长引经据典帮我们理解苦涩难懂的概念，并且能够将课堂知识与实践相结合，不断创造课堂教学模式。影响最深的是开展了关于XX话题的辩论赛，全班分成多组，依次进行辩论，在紧张激烈的辩论赛中，不仅收获了辩论的技巧，也更加深刻的理解了书中的知识点。

8. 本科最喜欢的课程是哪一门？为什么？

回答策略：
策略一（本专业）：专业的核心课程 + 最喜欢的内容 + 原因（这里要注意，最喜欢的内容部分要做好老师追问的准备）
策略二（跨专业）：与所跨专业相关的课程 + 被激发兴趣 + 最喜欢的内容 + 原因

回答模板：
模板1（本专业）：以物流管理专业为例，本科的学习过程中，我最喜欢的课程是《运筹学》，课程中涵盖动态规划、线性规划、图论等多种研究生必备的研究方法，是专业的核心课程。其中，我最喜欢的内容是动态规划，动态规划的最优性原理充分体现了数学思想的魅力，我在后续的竞赛和科研中也经常使用该方法，是集简便和实用为一体的运筹学方法。

模板2（跨专业）：以管理跨法硕为例，在本科学习的过程中，我最喜欢的课程是《经济法》，课程中老师生动地向我们教授了在经济领域的法律以及案例，这激发了我对法律的兴趣，也让我萌生了攻读法律专业研究生的想法。课程中我最喜欢的内容是竞争法律制度，详细阐述了我国在竞争法律制度上的发展历程和现状，在平台经济蓬勃发展的今天，企业间竞争激烈，前有阿里后有美团先后触犯竞争法律，该部分内容非常具有现实意义，也引发了更深层次的思考（要准备思考是什么，防止追问）。

9. 最喜欢的城市是哪里？（或对XX城市的印象如何）

回答策略： 学校所在城市 + 与该城市的交集（如有）+ 原因（综合实力，城市特色，适合生活/就业/创业）

回答模板：
我最喜欢的城市是上海，在本科期间曾与导师一同前往上海参加学术会议，对上海的印象深刻。
首先，上海的综合实力强劲，GDP全国领先，城市基础设施完善，教育和医疗水平高，第三产业高速发展，其中以金融业最为发达，是全球的金融中心；
其次，上海有非常多优秀的同龄人，俗话说，三人行必有我师，在这样的氛围中更加有利于自身能力的提升和人格的塑造；
最后，上海就业机会多，知名外企，互联网公司等总部均选址在上海，无论是实习还是正式求职，上海都能够为我提供丰富的选择。

10. 你遇到的最大的挑战（或挫折）是什么？你是如何克服的？

回答策略： 往科研经历上靠，申报课题（大多数人都申报过）+ 挑战的来源 + 如何克服

回答模板：
感谢老师的提问，在本科学习的过程中，我曾遇到了许多挑战，其中对我而言，最大的挑战是第一次申报课题的经历，挑战的主要原因有两点：
第一，之前缺乏系统的科研训练，在申报科研课题之前，我对科研的概念几乎为0；
第二，缺乏导师/学长学姐的指导，在撰写的过程中，由于申报时间较短，缺乏与导师的有效沟通，导致前期进度受阻。
在整理好心情之后，我决定直面挑战，为今后的科研打下基础，我的做法如下：
第一，立刻召开团队会议，确定课题的选题和框架，并与导师进行讨论；
第二，制定合理的目标，严格要求自己每天至少要阅读3篇文献，并做文献总结笔记；
第三，与导师进行积极沟通，反复修改和打磨课题，在能力范围内做到最好。

11. 你XX课程的分数为什么这么低？

回答策略： 要特别关注自己成绩单上分数比较低的课程，理性分析原因，最后真诚的面对自己的失误即可

回答模板：
感谢老师的提问，XX课程的成绩是由平时成绩与卷面成绩以3：7的形式组成的，虽然这门课的最终成绩不够好，但是我的平时成绩非常好，在课堂上我积极思考踊跃回答问题，在小组汇报中我们小组还拿到了第二名的成绩。
（解释原因）在备考这门课时，我的大创项目/竞赛正进行在关键时期，而且我是该项目/竞赛的队长，因此我将一大部分时间花在了大创/竞赛的准备上，导致我在复习该课时时间较紧，没有做到充分准备。在出分后我也与老师进行了沟通，老师说这次大家的卷面成绩普遍比较低，所以我也并不气馁，以后会继续学习弥补。

12. 说出三个我们录取你的理由？

回答策略： 先礼貌性夸一下其他同学 + 录取理由

回答模板：
谢谢老师的提问。和我一起参加面试的同学们都很优秀，他们的回答也让我受益匪浅。虽然我在学术研究领域还存在着一定的欠缺，但我认为我符合贵校的研究生培养要求，理由如下：
第一，我的学习能力很强，专业基础牢固，综合排名专业第一；
第二，我有着较强的抗压能力、懂得坚持，比如在大二的时候，我参加了一个国家级大创项目，当时遇到了很多问题，相关文献资料很难找到，导致项目停滞不前，但我没有轻言放弃，通过各种渠道找到了相关数据，最终取得了不错的成绩；
第三，我的研究兴趣XXX和未来规划都与贵校XX专业的研究方向非常一致，所以非常希望老师能够给我这个在这里继续深造的机会。

13. 你对今天的表现是否满意？

回答策略： 客观回答即可

回答模板：
（版本一）表示满意：总体来看，我对今天自己的表现较为满意，这比较好地反映出了我的知识储备、学科素养等。但我必须也要指出的是，回答尚存在一些不足，在XX问题上回答的维度不够全面，在面试结束后我会对问题及时复盘与补足。十分希望得到在贵校进一步学习的机会。

（版本二）表示不满意：总体来看，我对自己今天在面试过程中的态度表示满意，但不得不承认，对XX问题我确实欠缺了解，导致了对该问题的回答不全面。但是，这部分内容我在本科阶段了解甚少，超出了我的知识储备之外，感谢各位老师让我充分认识到了自身的不足，未来我会努力改正，依然希望得到进入贵校学习的机会。

14. 为什么要选择跨专业？

回答策略： 个人兴趣 + 能力 + 未来规划

回答模板：
感谢老师的提问。就我跨专业的原因而言，我将从以下三个方面进行解释：
首先是我个人的兴趣所向。在高考时，由于高考专业接受调剂的原因，我进入了A专业进行学习。在学习A专业的过程中，我学到了很多，激发了我对科研的兴趣，带领我初步进入了科研的大门。但是由于我对B专业的XX方向有着更大的研究兴趣，所以希望借着研究生的机会能够进入到B专业进行继续深造；
其次是我的能力所在。在本科期间，在对A专业学习的过程中，我已经具有了一定水平的科研能力，我是一个很有定力的人，能够坐得住冷板凳，具有较强的学习能力及抗压能力，这些从我本科期间的一些科研、学习、社会实践等经历中也可以看出。另外，虽然我本科学习的是A专业，但是也没有放下对B专业的学习。虽然没有对B专业进行系统的学习，不过在课余时间，我会蹭我本科院校的B专业/B相关专业的课程，因此对B专业也有了一定程度的理解。当然，由于没有系统学习所以我自身对B专业的了解存在一定的漏洞，在未来我会查缺补漏，继续努力争取早日弥补与其他同学的差距；
最后，是我的未来规划。我申请B专业的初心是出于我的XX理想。我的梦想是想成为一名XX，为我国的XX事业贡献出一份我自己的力量。

15. 你的缺点是什么？

回答策略： 避免回答人格或者性格上的缺陷，尽量工作或学习上的小问题，并且给出解决方案

回答模板：
感谢您的提问。我认为我的缺点主要表现在在学习或完成任务时喜欢抠细节，因而有时候会影响效率。针对这一点，我的大学老师也曾和我说过，完成比完美更重要，我现在也已经认识到了这个问题，在日后的研究生活中，在规定时间内，我肯定会先确保事情能够闭环，再去进一步打磨细节。

16. 你的英语六级为什么没过？

回答策略： 坦诚承认 + 原因 + 后续动作

回答模板：
模板1（科研竞赛经历丰富）：感谢老师的提问，英语六级没有通过是我无法回避的问题，这主要的原因是在本科学习期间，我的绝大部分精力都投入到科研和竞赛当中，先后申报了X项课题，获得了X个比赛奖项。由于时间上的关系，且我没有意识到英语的重要性，导致了六级没有通过。现在，随着认知的提升，我也逐渐意识到英语的重要性，目前正在全身心学习雅思和积极准备下一轮英语六级考试，努力在研究生入学之前提高自身的英语水平，为后续科研打下基础。

模板2（混子版本）：感谢老师的提问，英语六级没有通过是我无法回避的问题，这主要的原因是在本科学习期间我没有意识到英语的重要性，且高中的英语底子较为薄弱，导致了六级没有通过。现在，随着认知的提升，我也逐渐意识到英语的重要性，目前正在全身心学习雅思和积极准备下一轮英语六级考试，努力在研究生入学之前提高自身的英语水平，为后续科研打下基础。

17. 你对选择导师的标准是什么？

回答策略： 自我努力和已经涉猎的方向 + 导师和学生的关系 + 回归自身的努力

回答模板：
感谢老师的提问。本科期间我参加了XXX大创项目（或是XXX老师的科研项目）对XXX领域十分感兴趣，我非常希望硕士期间也继续攻读XXX领域，如果有幸被录取，我希望能和研究XX领域的导师一起，完成XXX研究；
但是，每位老师都有自己的教学方式、待人接物的理念，没有一个完全意义上的标准。我认为在选择导师的过程中，除了研究兴趣相符，能和导师一起继续XXX的研究，最重要的也是希望和导师形成亦师亦友的关系，遇到专业问题可以互相探讨，性格上也希望能合得来；
当然，贵校教学实力雄厚，有着广阔前沿的学科平台，每一位老师都非常优秀。如果有幸成为贵校的硕士研究生，不管是哪位老师，我都非常期待向他们学习。我会在科研项目中积极分担老师的压力，在老师的带领下，和师门组的学姐学长一起完成项目研究；我也会积极和老师交流，培养良好的师生情谊。

18. 为什么要把offer发给你？

回答策略： 入营荣幸 + 自身独特优势 + 贵校学习机会

回答模板：
感谢老师的提问。
首先，能和诸多优秀的同学一起入营我感到非常荣幸（能和大家一同度过一段线上体验的宝贵时光感到非常开心），大家都具备良好的学习能力、知识储备与科研素养；但相比于其他同学，我认为我更多的优势体现在科研方面（科研经历），说明我具有较强的研究能力与科研素养，而我个人也具有较强的热情，我认为这会是我突出的优势。未来若能进入贵校，我将会将自身的优势进一步发挥出来，做出更优秀的科研成果。希望老师能够给予我这个宝贵的机会。

19. 你现在的文献阅读能力如何？

回答策略： 精读泛读汇报 + 文献管理 + 汇报进度 + 阅读文献作用

回答模板：
感谢老师的提问。
首先，大三学年我参与到导师的基金项目，坚持每周精读一篇权威文献，泛读多篇领域内相关文献，并在组会中进行文献汇报。
其次，在阅读的过程中，我会使用一些文献管理工具（Endnote、知网研学），同时使用表格整理分析每篇文章的研究方法、创新点、结论等，记下专业术语及好的写作表达。
最后，每周我会定期向导师汇报文献阅读进度及收获，与导师共同探讨文献内容。
养成习惯后阅读文献成为我科研生活的一部分，让我在提高学术能力的同时了解到许多专业课之外的科研前沿。

20. 用三个词概括自己

回答策略： 关键词 + 解释（结合具体经历）+ 未来规划

回答模板：
感谢老师的提问。
我给自己定位的三个关键词是进取/探索（科研层面）、责任意识（团队合作层面）、自制（生活层面）。
第一，进取/探索：主要体现在我喜欢积极主动地参与各种比赛及科研工作，我参与导师多个基金项目，跟随导师进行论文撰写，关注学科前沿进展，积极找寻创新点，参与撰写多篇论文，参与多个国内高水平会议。
第二，责任意识：主要体现在我勇于承担责任，在团队中会忠诚地履行自己的职责，努力推动合作。例如在各种小组作业，或者是比赛团队中，我大多时候会主动站出来担任负责人。
第三，高度自制：主要体现在我注重时间管理，我会合理安排学习、科研以及课余活动。比如借助一些手机APP以及备忘录，安排自己的每日日程，标注事情的deadline，将空闲时间分为多个时间段。然后根据事项重要性和紧急程度，划分四个象限，重要且紧急的事情优先做。
因此，我认为我的三个特质能够帮助我在学习、科研、生活中不断成长与进步，也希望自己可以不断打破自己的标签，在研究生阶段遇见更多元更极致的自己。

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二、科研竞赛篇

1. 简单介绍你的XX论文？

回答策略： 论文选题背景 + 论文的意义 + 所用的研究方法

回答模板：
感谢老师的提问。
我在本科期间撰写的论文《XXXX》是我在导师的指导下，历时XX个月完成的，接下来我将从以下几个方面向您介绍这篇论文：
首先，这篇论文是在XXXX的大背景之下，为了解决XXXX问题而提出的，通过XX研究方法，分析了XX和XX之间的关系，论证了……
其次，这篇论文具有明显的理论和现实意义，理论意义是……，现实意义是……
最后，这篇论文使用的研究方法是……，在传统研究的基础上，我们创新性的进行了……

2. 这篇论文/课题是你独立完成的吗？

回答策略： 礼貌回应真实情况 + 阐述自己科研的具体情况

回答模板：
模板1（独立完成）：感谢老师的提问。这篇论文确实是我独立完成的，我当时是出于……的考虑选择了这个课题（选题思路），并最终通过自主学习和文献阅读确定了……的研究方法/操作思路（怎么抽样，如何实验等，这里只需大致概括即可，如果老师感兴趣会进一步追问细节），最终得出来了……的结论。总体而言，这段科研经历锻炼了我独立思考和解决问题的能力，当然在这个过程中，我也曾向某某老师或同学请教，他们的点拨也给了我很大的帮助（谦虚一下），我也会在未来进一步提升自己的科研能力。

模板2（团队合作）：感谢老师的提问。这篇论文是我在和同学/老师的团队合作下完成的，我们的这篇论文主要是采用了……的研究方法，解决了……问题，我在这个过程中主要承担了……责任。最终在大家的共同努力下，我们得出了……的研究结论，并完成了这篇论文。这次科研工作，不仅加深了我对学术的理解，还提升了我团队合作的能力。当然，我也深知自己有着……的不足，会在今后进一步改进。

3. 你在论文/课题写作过程中收获了什么？

（回答策略略，可参考其他题目）

4. 你的论文/课题解决了哪些实际问题？

5. 你在论文写作中主要负责什么？

6. 你了解XX研究方向的最新进展吗？如何了解的？

回答策略： 研究方向 + 研究前沿 + 领域内顶刊

回答模板：
感谢老师的提问。
首先，我本科的研究方向主要是XX，目前该方向前沿研究主要是两方面，一个是结合XX背景/方法的XX研究，探讨XX问题；另一个是结合XX背景/方法的XX研究，将XX的因素结合进实证研究。
注意点：如果本科已经有相关论文，直接讲自己研究方向以及该方向的前沿研究；如果本科没有相关论文，可以讲保研院校的细分方向。前沿研究需要提前了解，从国内外顶刊中提取。
其次我平时阅读的国内期刊主要是《管理世界》《管理科学学报》《系统工程理论与实践》《中国管理科学》等，国外期刊主要是《Management Science》《Operations Research》《Production and Operations Management》，大多是管理学、运筹学方向的顶刊，或者UTD24期刊。
注意点：这里放的主要是管科方向的顶刊，需要投自己的专业去进行替换，管科的同学有必要提前了解几个概念，UTD24/FMS高端复制国家自科委指定权威期刊。

7. 你所用的XX研究方法的适用条件是什么

（高频问题，论文所用的研究方法一定一定要非常熟悉，可以按照这些问题整理一些答案，由于研究方法太多，这里就不穷举了）
7.1 子问题1：XX研究方法的优点和缺点
7.2 子问题2：XX研究方法的研步骤
7.3 子问题3：XX研究方法的注意事项
7.4 子问题4：A研究方法和B研究方法的区别在哪

8. 你最难忘/收获最大的比赛是哪一个？为什么？

回答策略： 什么比赛 + 比赛做了什么 + 取得了什么成果 + 为什么收获最大/最难忘（往科研方面靠）

回答模板：
在本科学习期间，最让我难忘的比赛是全国大学生数学建模大赛，在比赛的过程中，我主要负责数学模型的搭建和求解，最终在和队友的通力协作下，我们团队的作品获得XX省一等奖，在比赛的过程中，我有以下收获：
第一，初步掌握数学建模的基本思想和方法。在比赛的过程中，我通过使用多目标规划、动态规划、图论等数学模型对实际问题进行求解，逐渐领会到数学的魅力，不断深入钻研，学习数学模型方法的优劣、局限性等，最终取得了非常不错的结果；
第二，激发了对科研论文写作的兴趣。在比赛的过程中，我为了充分了解现有的数学模型方法，阅读了大量的中外文献，深深被科研的严谨和趣味所吸引，更加坚定了我未来继续攻读研究生的想法；
第三，深刻意识到团队合作的重要性。我们最终的成功离不开团队每一个成员的合理分工和通力协作，在短短的三天时间里，我们发挥各自所长，交出了一份满意的答卷。

9. 你参加的XX比赛没有听说过，是不是含金量不高？

回答策略： 坦诚比赛含金量问题 + 第一次参赛 + 强调过程中的收获

回答模板：
感谢老师的提问，XX比赛是由XX组织主办的一年一度的大赛，虽然目前辐射的高校范围不广，但仍然吸引了全国超过500支队伍参赛，对于初次参赛的我仍然具有一定的锻炼意义，在过程中我收获了以下：
第一，初步掌握XX领域的基本研究方法。在比赛的过程中，我通过使用XX方法解决了XX实际问题，逐渐领会到XX领域的魅力，不断深入钻研，最终取得了非常不错的结果；
第二，激发了对科研论文写作的兴趣。在比赛的过程中，我为了充分了解现有的XX方法，阅读了大量的中外文献，深深被科研的严谨和趣味所吸引，更加坚定了我未来继续攻读研究生的想法；
第三，深刻意识到团队合作的重要性。我们最终的成功离不开团队每一个成员的合理分工和通力协作，在短短的三天时间里，我们发挥各自所长，交出了一份满意的答卷。

10. 你在XX比赛中主要做了什么？

回答策略： 比赛性质内容 + 参加比赛原因、担任角色 + 比赛收获

回答模板：
感谢老师的提问。首先，XX比赛是我XX时候参加的一个比赛，比赛考察对XX知识的掌握程度，同时需要进行XX操作、分析，完成项目总结和分析报告；
其次，比赛和专业课程《XX》紧密相关，与本专业具有较高的贴合度。当时参加这一比赛是出于培养自身对XX的热情、培养自身的实操能力而参加的，我在其中担任负责人/队长，负责统筹全局、安排团队分工，促使团队配合更默契，能够高效、准确地完成XX项目；（作为团队成员，可以讲自己协助负责人/队长完成XX任务/工作，自己在团队内负责XX模块，产出XX成果等等）
最后，通过和团队成员的共同努力，最终取得XX奖项。通过这一比赛，我学到了很多XX的知识/理论/方法/软件，也增强了自身的实践应用和团队协作能力，丰富了在XX类型的比赛/项目经验。

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三、英语口语篇

1. 问题不会怎么办？

情形1：当没听清或没听懂老师的问题时：

• Sorry, I didn't understand/get/catch the question. Could you repeat it in another way?
• Sorry, I didn't really understand/get/catch what you mean, could you explain the question, please?
• That's rather a difficult question, but I wonder if you could give me more information about that.
• Excuse me, I didn't quite understand/get/catch that, could you repeat it for me, please?
• I'm sorry, I didn't hear that clearly. May I ask you to repeat it, please?
• I beg your pardon? I didn't understand your question.
• 如果只是其中某个单词不确定意思：Sorry, I didn't understand/get/catch the word+某个单词, could you explain it, please? / Sorry, what does+某个单词+mean? Could you explain it please?

情形2：解释了还是不会：

• I'm afraid that I'm not quite familiar with this topic/field/domain, but from my point of view/in my opinion, +关键词相关内容...
• Sorry, I'm not sure about how to answer it but I guess/perhaps +关键词相关内容...
• I can't really give you an excellent answer, but I guess/perhaps +关键词相关内容...
• I'm sorry, but I don't know much about...

情形3：当老师没有理解或误解你的回答时：

• Sorry, maybe you mistaken it, can you give me a chance to explain?
• Sorry, I guess you didn't understand/get/catch it, can you give me a chance to explain?
• Sorry, I will (try to) explain it in a more reasonable/rational way.
• Sorry, I will make a more reasonable/rational explanation for you.
• Excuse me. I guess I didn't make myself clear. May I explain further?
• May I try to explain myself in another way?

情形4：当得到老师的肯定时，要表示感谢：

• Thank you for your encouragement, I will go further to enrich my knowledge.
• I appreciate your encouragement, I will make a further exploration in this field/topic.
• Your appreciation/encouragement really inspires me, I will make more efforts/try harder to improve myself.

2. 自我认知类话题

2.1 兴趣

问题： Do you have any hobbies that you are proud of? / What's your favorite hobby? / Describe one of your hobbies

回答模板：

1. I enjoy reading biographies, especially those of well-known statesmen, militarists, scientists and artists. I can learn a lot from their life histories.
2. I like playing football. It's a very exciting game because it keeps you alert and I also enjoy the team spirit of football.
3. Fishing is my favorite, because it is both fun and instructive, which has helped me improve my power of controlling myself.
4. I love travelling, which is a way to broaden my horizons, through which I can learn about different cultures of the world.
5. I'm crazy about the ancient China poetry, "The power of poetry lies in shaping one's view of life and developing one's inner world." said Li Bo, an expert guest at the Chinese Poetry Competition's second season. I think that's why I love poetry.

2.2 特长

问题： What are your personal strengths?

回答模板：

1. I am expert at/in painting. Because painting can help me improve my aesthetic ability and give me a more detailed insight into the people and things around me.
2. I guess I just have a natural talent for writing. Firstly, writing can make my thinking more systematic, and secondly, writing can increase the depth and breadth of thinking.
3. I am great/clever/adept at chess. Because playing chess can promote the development of intelligence. When I am in a weak position, I will calmly think about the response plan and this allows me to face future difficulties and challenges with a more positive attitude.
4. I am proficient in English, and I can speak a little German. Because multilingual learning can not only help me understand the culture of different nationalities, but also allow me to get more job opportunities in the future.
5. I shine at tennis. Because tennis helps me to maintain a good figure, and develops physical coordination at the same time.

2.3 优点

问题： What do you think about your strengths? / What is your greatest strength? / Do you have any particular merits?

回答模板：

1. (领导能力) When I was (某个职务), I spent a lot of thoughts and organized many activities. I was responsible for planned budget and organization, I built (某个团体/组) like a big family and gained unanimous praise from teachers and classmates.
2. (社交能力) When I was in college, I met many good friends of different majors through the school community. We did interesting things together after class. I also learned a lot of other professional knowledge from them. They make my campus life more colorful.
3. (责任心) Since I didn't have much practical experience, I was inefficient at the beginning of the internship, I had to complete the tasks I was responsible for even if I worked overtime, which made me praised by the teachers of the internship.
4. (学习能力) In order to make myself more competitive, I learned (某些自学的知识) in a short time through self-study. This is because I have mastered a set of self-study methods and learned how to absorb something that you haven't touched before.
5. (坚韧) Before preparing for the exam, I only slept for four hours a day and spent a week reviewing the most difficult part in (某门课程中), finally I had no doubt. I think that spending more time overcoming a problem is also a way to save time.

2.4 缺点

问题： What do you think about your weakness? / What is your greatest shortcoming?

回答模板：

1. (不太会拒绝) But I am also happy that I can help others. Therefore, I don't think it's a complete defect that I don't know how to refuse others. As long as it is within my ability, I still hope to reach out as much as possible.
2. (强迫症) Although I will spend more time and energy than others, I feel that everything is worth it when I see the results of my work. Of course, I hope that I can pay more attention to time management and improve efficiency while pursuing quality.
3. (不社交) However, I also spent a lot of time socializing with others to learn a lot of knowledge and skills that are helpful for my future development, such as (知识或技能). Of course, communicating with people is essential for future work and study, so I also learn to talk to people actively.
4. (公开演讲) I am not nervous at all in front of my class. But when I present an idea to a larger audience, I still experience some stage fright. At this point, I can handle these situations professionally, but I would like to be more comfortable in these moments, so I can really enjoy the experience of presenting.
5. (过于直率) My straightforwardness does have a positive impact on my work and study, but I should also consider the feelings of my friends around me, so as to prevent myself from blurting out some unintentional words that hurt them.

2.5 家乡

问题： Where are you from? / Tell something about your hometown / Would you like to tell some stories about your hometown?

回答模板：

1. (标志性建筑) Shanghai is famous for its landmarks such as Oriental Pearl Tower, the Bund and People's Square.
2. (独特标签) Shanxi Datong is known as the "city of coal mines", as the name implies, is the place with the highest coal output, but also for this has been a "black" trophy.
3. (美食美景) "Chengdu is a city that you don't want to leave when you come." In addition to food and beauty, the people of Chengdu are also famous for their enthusiasm. No matter where you come from, the people of Chengdu will warmly welcome you.

2.6 家庭

问题： Could you tell me something about your family?

回答模板：

1. (性格方面) My dad has a good sense of humor, so I am a humorous and optimistic person influenced by my father. I believe that I will deal with difficulties better than those who are pessimistic. Because when a problem arises, I accept it first, and secondly I find a solution quickly rather than immerse myself in pessimism.
2. (性格方面) Our family is very democratic. In the family, my demands and interests will be fully respected by my parents. I think my curiosity and creativity have a lot to do with my family atmosphere.
3. (生活方面) My parents have had a lot of positive impacts on my studies and life. They usually don't watch TV or play mobile phones when they come home from work. Instead, they listen to my school stories patiently and discuss the latest news events with me, so I don't have cell phone dependency, but I use the time to play with cell phones to do a lot of more meaningful things.
4. (学习方面) I come from a family of (某专业), my father is an expert in (某专业方面的), and my mother is an authority of (某专业). Affected by the family environment, I have longed to learn (某专业) since I was a child.

3. 社科实践类话题

3.1 实习经历

问题： Please introduce your internship briefly. / What have you learned from your internship experience?

回答模板：
[有实习经历] I was a lab assistant before. At the beginning, I didn't adapt to the closed environment and regulated operation of the laboratory. I thought it was boring. But as I did more experiments, I gradually adapted to that environment. When working in the laboratory, if I had any questions, I can consult teacher in time. As a person who has had the experience, the teacher taught me something new. In the process of internship, I was more interested in Chemistry, so I should continue to study in order to improve my education and be able to enter the research institute which I dream of at graduation.

[无实习经历]

1. (有其他经历) I'm sorry. I have no internship experience. But I took part in (某科研项目) and (某比赛) and won (某奖项). These experiences can also help me apply the theories which I learned to practice. In addition, I have served as a cadre of community and Students' Union in the school, which has exercised my communication, leadership and thinking abilities. So I think my other practical experiences and campus activity experience can make up for inadequacies.
2. (无其他经历) I'm sorry. I haven't participated in the internship, because our school doesn't organize or require us to do it, so I usually use my vacation time to study in the library. I know that theoretical study is not enough, so I will definitely put the internship into my own plan and finish it as soon as possible.

3.2 科研经历

问题： Could you say something about your experience of scientific research?

回答模板：
[有科研经历] Under the guidance of my teachers, I did research on (研究课题) with my classmates when I was a sophomore. In the process of researching, everyone spared no efforts to complete the task, and my responsibility was to (自己负责的内容). In order to finish the research, we read and checked many books and articles, such as (查阅的文献). We also applied the method of (具体的方法) to solve the problems we encountered. Through this research, we have solved some problems, but also found some problems. I find that knowledge is limitless, which firms my determination to further my study.

[无科研经历]

1. (有其他经历) I'm sorry. I have no scientific research experience. But I served as the laboratory assistant of the tutoring my undergraduate course, and also helped my seniors to do some small experiments. My specific job was (工作内容). By participating in their scientific research, I also got some thoughts, such as (对科研项目的思考), and I will further explore these issues later.
2. (无其他经历) I'm sorry. I have no experience in scientific research. But I have participated in some forum activities, course training, and made some professional reports. I have benefited a lot from these activities, and also thought about what I will do in the future.

4. 本科学习类话题

4.1 专业书籍

问题： What professional books have you read before? What's the main idea of this text?

回答模板：
Journalism shares various similarities with culture, cross-culture is also an important branch of international communication. When I was a sophomore, I had read a book named The Chrysanthemum and the Sword, written by Ruth Benedict. The book depicts the rooted characteristics of Japanese through thorough investigations, interviews and participation. From her book, I have gained a closer eye on Japanese and Japanese culture, which is good for me to learn Cross-Cultural Communication.

4.2 本科学校

问题： Could you tell us something about your university?

回答模板：
I had studied in Xi'an University of Technology since 2017. Although it is not well-known, I still appreciate it because it offers me a chance to develop my abilities. During my college years, I have made a rapid and great progress in many areas. As a student, I studied very hard, obtained scholarship many times, and also gained good comments from teachers and classmates. Four years' study had made me an independent, optimistic and strict boy. I really appreciated the education my university gave me.

4.3 专业课程

问题： What is your favorite subject and why?

回答模板：
My favorite course is Insurance Law. Because the teacher of this course has a strong personal style and academic confidence. He sometimes spoke English and Japanese, introduced different regulations on the same issue of Insurance Law in the United States and Japan, and traced the origin of such differences. This course broadened my vision and inspired my interest in learning.

4.4 本科荣誉

问题： Have you ever won any prizes in university? / Did you get any honors and awards at college?

回答模板：
[有本科荣誉] I have won the University Scholarship for three years in succession. I have made a lot of efforts for this. Before other students got up, I began to recite the texts on the rooftop. In the evening, I won't leave unless the library is closed. Although the process is hard, I did gain knowledge, skills, honor and experience that other students do not have. That hard work is nothing compared to these gains. I will continue to work hard to achieve better results.

[无本科荣誉]

1. (有其他经历) I'm sorry. Although my undergraduate results were good, and I participated in some competitions and campus activities, I didn't get any honor. I think it's the process rather than the result that is more important. Although there is no honor, I have learned knowledge and experience in learning and practical activities, which I think is the biggest gain.
2. (无其他经历) I'm sorry. I didn't get any honor in my undergraduate period, which is also my biggest regret at the stage of undergraduate. Of course, this also shows that I haven't reached the excellent level, and I need to continue to work hard. I believe that I will be affirmed at some time as long as I keep on developing in a good direction.

4.5 毕业论文

问题： Please talk about the design process of your graduation thesis. / Please introduce your graduation thesis.

回答模板：
[毕业论文/设计已开始] My undergraduate thesis is (论文名). It is mainly about (主要内容). During preparation for this thesis, under the guidance of my supervisor (导师姓名), I read many relevant articles such as (参考论文1) and (参考论文2), and referred to some literature especially the book (参考书目), which gave me lots of enlightenment. At last, this paper was published on (论文发表所在地), and luckily gained the honor of (荣誉称号). Through this thesis, I learned a lot not only in professional aspects, but in the way of dealing with all kinds of issues, which have laid a solid foundation for my future graduate study.

[毕业论文/设计未开始]

1. I'm sorry. Because the writing time required by my college is late, so at present, I only write a paper idea. My paper mainly focuses on (某选题), and the main writing idea is (论文思路阐述).
2. I'm sorry. My paper hasn't been formed yet. But I have made a preliminary assumption for my thesis. The research topic I want to choose/write about is (某选题). The significance of this thesis is (论文价值). After the second round exam, I will complete my undergraduate thesis as soon as possible.

5. 保研动机类话题

5.1 选择某专业的原因

问题： Why do you choose this major?

回答模板：
Firstly, I have always been interested in this major, and that is what my undergraduate major is. English is a universal language and it is a carrier of culture, through which we can know the local customs of various countries. Secondly, I have learned a lot of professional knowledge and skills of the major at school, but during my internship period, I have found there is still much to study, so it is very necessary and urgent for me to further develop in this major. In conclusion, the basis of my decision on further study is to choose the major which I am familiar with and deeply in love with.

5.2 跨专业的原因

问题： Why do you change your major?

回答模板：
I show keen interest in the Journalism & Communication, even though my major is Mass Communication. Mass Communication is too abstract, far away from the real world. I don't mean that Mass Communication is useless, but it is not attractive enough for me. Journalism & Communication is just the opposite, it seems more challenging, and promising for my future career. That's why I made up my mind to change my major.

5.3 选择某学校的原因

问题： Why do you choose to study at our school/institute?

回答模板：
Firstly, Peking University has been my dream school. During the College Entrance Examination, I failed to be enrolled in this university and now I want to fulfill my dream. Secondly, I'm deeply attracted by the academic atmosphere, as well as the youthful spirit of students in this university. More importantly, Peking university has a good reputation in the field where my research interest lies and so many excellent teachers who have strong research abilities. Those are the reasons why I choose to further my study here.

6. 未来规划类话题

6.1 毕业后规划

问题： What will you do after graduation?

回答模板：

1. (学习) If I were lucky enough to be accepted, I would still focus on my studies. First of all, I will establish a reasonable knowledge structure, broadly study the basic knowledge of the subject, and thoroughly understand all aspects of the research field. Secondly, I will strive to master the methods and skills of independent research. Thirdly, I will prepare at least two academic papers and strive to publish them in core journals.
2. (实习) If I'm lucky enough to be admitted, I will use this time to practice when there are fewer courses. In addition, I will take some related qualification certificates. In the future, these will be my bonus points for job hunting.
3. (比赛) If I am fortunate to be accepted, I hope to participate in the series of innovation practice competitions more at the stage of graduate to test my learning results through competitions and learn from my opponents at the same time.
4. (科研) If I am lucky enough to be admitted, what I hope most is to be able to participate in scientific research projects with my teachers. By this way, we can cultivate our abilities of finding problems, consulting literature, summarizing, designing experiments, organizing and implementing, and expressing scientific research.
5. (读博) I have always hoped to work in the Academy after graduating in the future, so if I am lucky enough to be admitted, I hope to finish my studies and thesis well, and make a preparation for the exam in advance.

6.2 研究方向

问题： Which research direction do you like and why?

回答模板：
[确定了研究方向] I opt for the cell biology as the direction of my research. Firstly, the research is very attractive to me. Cells are the basic units of life, this research direction can deepen the understanding of life. Secondly, my undergraduate major is related to this research direction. I am keen on exploring the mystery in microcosm and able to do well in both practice and research. That is why I choose the cell biology as the direction of my research.

[未确定研究方向]

1. I'm sorry. I can't decide my research direction at present. After the retest, I will definitely read more top journals in the professional field and find research opportunities through reading papers, so as to determine my own research direction.
2. I'm sorry. I haven't chosen a research direction. I think that the choice of research direction needs to match with personal ability, so I hope that I can ask my tutor more later, and ...

6.3 研究生学习规划

问题： Can you talk about your plans in the postgraduate study? / What do you expect to achieve during your study if you are enrolled into this institute?

回答模板：

1. (学硕) I've already made a plan for my postgraduate study. In the first year, I will focus all my energy on studying professional knowledge and mastering research methods in the field. Secondly, I will read all the books recommended by my supervisors and read as many books as possible. The next year, I will determine my own research direction. At the same time, I will actively participate in the experiment and scientific research of my supervisors and do a good job in supporting work. In the third year, I will try my best to write valuable papers with high level. Later, if possible, I will apply for a doctorate. All in all, I am looking forward to making a solid foundation for my profession and my life in this excellent university.
2. (专硕) I have made a plan for my own graduate life. If I have the opportunity to continue my studies, I will make good use of the two years in this university. In the first year, I will devote all my energy to studying professional knowledge and mastering research methods in the field. Secondly, I will make sure that I can be familiar with the latest development of this area by reading as many books and journals as possible. In the second year, I will look for an internship, because it can apply what I have learned to practical operations. At the same time, I will carefully prepare my graduation thesis. Later, I will apply for a PhD or find a job and become an expert in this field. In short, I look forward to laying a solid foundation for my profession and life at this excellent university.